Tall native short-lived perennial with blue-violet flowers, blooming June to October. Drought tolerant, preferring sandy well-drained soils of dry fields, meadows, pastures, roadsides and disturbed areas. Not competitive with vigorous grasses. Not palatable to ungulates, spreading in overgrazed pastures. Seeds eaten by birds and small mammals. Preferred nectar plant of bees and butterflies.

DISTRIBUTION / ADAPTATION

INFORMATION & ATTRIBUTES

Family: Verbenaceae

Duration: Annual, Perennial

Growth Habit:  Forb/herb

Native Status: Native

Growth Form: Clump forming

Mature Height: 48 in.

Bloom Color: Blue-violet

Bloom Period: June-September

Annual Precipitation:  in.

Drought Tolerance: Moderate

Shade Tolerance: Intolerant

Elevation:

Wetland Indicator Status:

Fire Resistance:

Fire Tolerance:

Nitrogen Fixation:

SOIL ADAPTATION

Coarse Texture: Yes

Medium Texture: Yes

Fine Texture: No

Salinity Tolerance:

CaCO3 Tolerance:

pH Range:

SEEDING NOTES

Seeds per Pound: 425,000

Seeding Rate: 2-4 PLS lbs/acre

Season:

Days to Germination: